Table of Contents

英文目录：
PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION i
PREFACE vi
THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA—
A PROJECT TO ASSIST THE READJUSTMENT OF
POST-BELLUM INDUSTRIES viii
PROGRAM I 2
Part I The Great Northern Port 4
Part II The Northwestern Railway System 11
Part III The Colonization of Mongolia and Sinkiang 18
Part IV The Construction of Canals to connect the Inland Waterway Systems of North
and Central China with the Great Northern Port 20
Part V The Development of the Iron and Coal Fields in Chihli and Shansi,
and the Construction of Iron and Steel Works 23
PROGRAM II 26
Part I The Great Eastern Port 26
Part II The Regulating of the Yangtze River 38
Part III The Construction of River Ports 64
Part IV The Improvement of the Existing Waterways and Canals 76
Part V The Establishment of Large Cement Works 85
PROGRAM III 88
Part I The Improvement of Canton as a World Port 88
Part II The Improvement of the Waterway System of Canton 103
Part III The Construction of the Southwestern Railway System of China 118
Part IV The Construction of Coast Ports and Fishing Harbors 130
Part V The Establishment of Shipbuilding Yards 151
PROGRAM IV 154
Part I The Central Railway System 154
Part II The Southeastern Railway System 174
Part III The Northeastern Railway Systern 184
Part IV The Extension of the Northwestern Railway System 204
Part V The Highland Railway System 220
Part VI The Establishment of Locomotive and Car Factories 234
PROGRAM V 238
Part I The Food Industry 240
Part II The Clothing Industry 248
Part III The Housing Industry 254
Part IV The Motoring Industry 261
Part V The Printing Industry 264
PROGRAM VI 266
Part I The Mining of Iron 267
Part II The Mining of Coal 268
Part III The Mining of Oil 270
Part IV The Mining of Copper 271
Part V The Working of Some Particular Mines 272
Part VI The Manufacture of Mining Machinery 274
Part VII The Establishment of Smelting Plants 274
CONCLUSION 276
APPENDIX I 284
APPENDIX II 298
APPENDIX III 304
APPENDIX IV 306
APPENDIX V 308
APPENDIX VI 310

中文目录：
自序
国际共同发展中国实业计划书— —补助世界战后整顿实业之方法
壹 第一计划
第一部 北方大港 5
第二部 西北铁路系统 11
第三部 蒙古、新疆之殖民 19
第四部 开浚运河以联络中国北部、中部通渠及北方大港 21
第五部 开发直隶、山西煤铁矿源，设立制铁炼钢工厂 23
贰 第二计划
第一部 东方大港 27
第二部 整治扬子江 39
第三部 建设内河商埠 65
第四部 改良扬子江之现存水路及运河 77
第五部 创建大士敏土厂 85
叁 第三计划
第一部 改良广州为一世界港 89
第二部 改良广州水路系统 103
第三部 建设中国西南铁路系统 119
第四部 建设沿海商埠及渔业港 131
第五部 创立造船厂 151
肆 第四计划
第一部 中央铁路系统 155
第二部 东南铁路系统 175
第三部 东北铁路系统 185
第四部 扩张西北铁路系统 205
第五部 高原铁路系统 221
第六部 设机关车、客货车制造厂 235

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Preface to Second Edition
During the eve of the Manchu Régime1, the first spark of industrialization took place in China in the forms of various state and quasi-state enterprises; railways and steamship lines, iron and steel works and coal mines, arsenals and docks all began to bedeck the Empire but they were soon found toiling under a corrupt and decadent political system. Then came the 1911 Revolution with its almost immediate reverses in the hands of Yuan Shi-kai and his military satellites. It has taken the Kuomintang fully seventeen years to wipe out these reactionaries and establish its undisputed political authority over the whole country. Although much to the sacrifice of our economic progress, we have, in these long years of bitter struggles, achieved a great political revolution; and a new, healthy political order is necessary for proper economic development.
How would Nationalist China carry out her program of economic reconstruction and development? This is necessarily a question of world interest.
In 1921 my father, the late Dr. Sun Yat-sen, wrote this "International Development of China." It was then his desire that international capital should come to China to develop railroads and highways, river conservancy and irrigation, new ports and modern cities, basic industries and public utilities.
The nature of the whole plan, in the words of my father, is a "rough sketch-from a layman's thought with very limited materials at his disposal; alterations and changes will have to be made after scientific investigations and detailed survey." It shows the stupendous requirements to modernize China. It will be the acme of economic rationalization
when fully carried out. In its policies of reconstruction and economic development, the Nationalist Government will essentially follow this plan as its supreme guidance.
Naturally, working schedules will have to be carefully mapped out in order of the importance and urgency of these different projects. As means of communication are a prime mover to drag a country out of its economic stagnation, construction of sufficient trunk lines of railways with highways serving as their feeders should engage our serious attention at present. In my father's plan, seven great systems of railways are to traverse the whole of China. As North China is comparatively better served with railways at present than South China, special preference should be given to regions in the latter, especially to those places where even proper means of water transportation are lacking. In this respect, some trunk lines of the Southwestern System, which is to cover Kwangsi, Kweichow, Yunnan, southeastern Szechuen, southwestern Hunan and the western half of Kwangtung, should be constructed to tap the rich mineral resources in these regions and to provide rapid means of transport in place of the present tedious travel requiring weeks to reach these inner provinces. Turning back to the north, the Northwestern
System is all important to open up Mongolia and Sinkiang and to release the population pressure in China Proper by colonization of these grazing lands and irrigable tracts. As to the existing railways, the completion of the unfinished section of the Canton-Hankow Line and the extension of the Lunghai Line to Lanchow should merit special attention.
Then the improvement of the present telegraph system and the extensive introduction of long-distance telephones and wireless service should contribute much in promoting greater efficiency and stronger unity of the national life. Some of the projects have the great advantage of being immediately very profitable.
Concerning other parts of my father's plan, that which will directly help agriculture and promote industry should form the complement to the communication program and should be as equally urgent. River conservancy and land irrigation to add more acreage to agriculture, better mobilization of coal resources and proper harnessing of water power to provide cheap motive power for industry; these are the agencies through which national production will be stimulated and increased. Past studies have shown the Hwaiho regulation and Sikiang regulation to be immensely profitable. Possibilities of the North River of Kwangtung for hydroelectric development have also been carefully studied and found to be very attractive. Incidentally, increased national production means greater purchasing power, and that in turn means bigger international trade.
Enough have been mentioned to indicate the vast opportunities of profitable investment. To show our readiness to accept foreign capital upon equitable and businesslike terms, we can do no better than to refer again to the words of my father. He tells us that "the Chinese people will welcome the development of our country's resources provided that it can be kept out of Mandarin corruption and ensure the mutual benefit of China and the countries cooperating with us." He further says that "international cooperation of this kind cannot but help to strengthen the Brotherhood of Man." For the realization of the worthy objects of such financing, all necessary safeguards will be granted to the lenders, who should provide us with "organizers, administrators and experts." In other words, we welcome sound business arrangements.
Looking over the activities of the international capital market in recent years, we find it has been principally absorbed in the Herculean task of the reconstruction of post-war Europe. Capital did not merely flow passively to openings already safe and lucrative, but, on account
of preponderant interests involved, it actually went to put things to order. Now Europe has fully revived, and in some quarters there is even an alarm against American financial imperialism. But New York and London will keep on busy finding outlets for the immense accumulation
of wealth in America and England. Hand in hand with financiers, there are also producers of industrial equipments who constantly seek wider and greater markets. As to the China market, what is mostly needed at present is information. Always more Information, better collected and
more widely distributed.
Finally, let us consider the economic development of China as a world problem. Commenting on the purpose of his book, my father tells us that it is his desire "to contribute my (his) humble part in the realization of the world peace-for the good of the world in general and the Chinese people in particular." The mere thought of the size of China and her population will prompt one to the correct appreciation of the question. I have no doubt that far-sighted and well-meaning statesmen will actively help in solving it.
Sun Fo.
NANKING, Oct. 6, 1928.

Preface
自序
欧战甫完之夕，作者始从事于研究国际共同发展中国实业，而成此六种计划。盖欲利用战时宏大规模之机器，及完全组织之人工，以助长中国实业之发达，而成我国民一突飞之进步；且以助各国战后工人问题之解决。无如各国人民久苦战争，朝闻和议，夕则懈志，立欲复战前原状，不独战地兵员陆续解散，而后路工厂亦同时休息。大势所趋，无可如何。故虽有三数之明达政治家，欲赞成吾之计划，亦无从保留其战时之工业，以为中国效劳也。我固失一速进之良机，而彼则竟陷于经济之恐慌，至今未已。其所受痛苦，较之战时尤甚。将来各国欲恢复其战前经济之原状，尤非发展中国之富源，以补救各国之穷困不可也。然则中国富源之发展，已成为今日世界人类之至大问题，不独为中国之利害而已也。惟发展之权，操之在我则存，操之在人则亡，此后中国存亡之关键，则在此实业发展之一事也。吾欲操此发展之权，则非有此知识不可。吾国人欲有此知识，则当读此书，尤当熟读此书。从此触类旁通，举一反三，以推求众理。庶几操纵在我，不致因噎废食，方能泛应曲当2，驰骤于今日世界经济之场，以化彼族竞争之性，而达我大同之治也。
此书为实业计划之大方针，为国家经济之大政策而已。至其实施之细密计划，必当再经一度专门名家之调查，科学实验之审定，乃可从事。故所举之计划，当有种种之变更改良，读者幸毋以此书为一成不易之论，庶乎可。
此书原稿为英文，其篇首及第二、第三计划及第四之大部分为朱执信所译，其第一计划为廖仲恺所译，其第四之一部分及第六计划及结论为林云陔所译，其第五计划为马君武所译。特此志之。
民国十年十月十日 孙文序于粤京