Contents
China Makes Active Contribution to World Poverty Reduction
(Preface One) 1
Chinese Wisdom for Ending Poverty
(Preface Two) 5
Introduction
China Has Successfully Embarked on a Distinctive Path of Development-Oriented Poverty Alleviation
It Is the Unremitting Pursuit of the CPC to Lead the People out of Poverty and Achieve Prosperity 3
Decisive Progress Has Been Made in Battles Against Poverty Alleviation Since the 18th CPC National Congress 6
It Is of Great Significance to Fight Poverty with Targeted Poverty Alleviation Measures 10
Chapter I
Characteristics of Poverty Alleviation in China for the New Era
1. Guidelines for Poverty Alleviation 17
2. The Evolution of Major Contradictions in the Society and the Fight against Poverty 22
3. Build a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Poverty Alleviation 25
4. New Development Concepts and Poverty Alleviation 31
5. Basic Blueprint for Poverty Alleviation 38
Chapter II
Main Paths for Poverty Alleviation in China
1. Strengthening Infrastructure Development of Poverty-Stricken Areas 47
2. Strengthening Environmental Protection in Poverty-Stricken Areas 54
3. Promoting the Development of Feature Industries in Poverty-Stricken Areas 68
4. Prioritizing Support to the Development of Special Poor Areas 81
5. Improving Poor People’s Sense of Gains 88
Chapter III
Precision Holding the Key of Poverty Alleviation
1. Solving the Problem of “Who Are the Targets of Poverty Alleviation” 105
2. Answering the Question of “Who Are in Charge of Poverty Alleviation” 108
3. How to Alleviate Poverty 118
4. How to Make Sure the Poor People Are Truly out of Poverty 126
Chapter IV
Five Experiences in China’s Poverty Alleviation
1. Strengthening Leadership Is Fundamental 133
2. Grasping Precision Is Essence 138
3. Increasing Investment Is Guarantee 147
4. Participation of All Parties Is Synergy 153
5. Mass Participation Is the Foundation 159
Chapter V
China’s Poverty Eradication Campaign Aims to Avoid a Number of Problems
1. Prevention of Falling Back into Poverty 171
2. Prevention of Formalism and Bureaucracy in Poverty Alleviation 179
3. Overcoming the Problem of Poverty Alleviation without Fostering Aspirations 185
4. The Significance of Party Branch Building 190
Chapter VI
Significance and Insights of China’s Poverty Alleviation
1. Important Significance of China’s Poverty Alleviation 197
2. Insights of China’s Experience in Poverty Reduction to the World 204
3. International Cooperation on Addressing Poverty Reduction 215
Appendix
Typical Cases of Poverty Alleviation in China
Case 1 Staying True to the Mission and Taking the Lead in Poverty Alleviation: Poverty Alleviation in Lankao County, Henan Province 227
Case 2 Actively Innovating Poverty Alleviation Model:“A Slow Sparrow Making an Early Start” for Chixi Village, Ningde City, Fujian Province 232
Case 3 Improvement of the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Mechanism: “First Livelihood Project” of Guizhou Province 237
Case 4 Exploration of New Ideas for Poverty Alleviation: “E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation” in Qishui Township, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province 241
Case 5 Poverty Alleviation and Development through Combination of Agriculture and Tourism: “Green Rise” of Maochangwu Village, Yao Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 245
Case 6 Technology Empowering Poverty Alleviation: “Technology Advancing into the Dabie Mountains” in Yingshan County, Hubei Province 249
Case 7 Counterpart Support in poverty alleviation between Rich and Poor Areas: “Poverty Alleviation through East-West Cooperation” between Shanghai and Yunnan 252
Case 8 Synchronous Relocation and Poverty Alleviation: “Moving into a New World” in Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province 256
Case 9 Dedication to Practical Poverty Alleviation: The Path to Poverty Alleviation and Innovation in the Ethnic Minority Communities in Leshan City, Sichuan Province 261
Appendix: Reference Table of US Dollar Exchange Rate against RMB (1949-2019) 269
Epilogue 271
China Makes Active Contribution to World Poverty Reduction
(Preface One)
Zhang Shujun
Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, former De put y Director General and researcher of Party History Research Center of the CPC Central Committee
Reducing poverty is a global challenge. Lifting the world’s largest developing country out of poverty would be a feat unprecedented inhuman history. In order to introduce China’s experience in poverty reduction to the rest of the world, Poverty Alleviation: Experience and Insights of the
Communist Party of China is published by the Contemporary World Press. The book is commissioned by the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and compiled by Professor Zhang Zhanbin of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee. With a focus on poverty alleviation, it describes how the CPC leads the Chinese people in fighting poverty. In particular, it discusses the main achievements, practices, experiences and learnings from the massive, targeted poverty alleviation efforts made since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. The book is a refreshing and inspiring read.
Over the years, China has been battling poverty and moving towards a moderately prosperous society. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, the Communist Party of China has united the Chinese people and led them in declaring war on poverty. Through the explorations of the CPC and the Chinese people, a path of poverty alleviation and development with Chinese characteristics has been identified. As a result, more than 700 million people have been lifted out of poverty and the Chinese people live a largely well-off life. China has brought more people out of poverty than any other country in the world. It was also one of the first countries that had achieved the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. During the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects was announced. This means that by 2020, by current Chinese standards, all the rural poor and poverty-stricken counties will be lifted out of poverty, thus ending poverty in entire regions. Poverty alleviation is the most critical indicator for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The CPC has pledged to deliver a moderately prosperous society for the Chinese people, a pledge that highlights the Party’s approach — rely on the people, drive development for the people, and share the fruits of development with them. It also shows the confidence and determination of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core in winning the battle against poverty in the new era and securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Poverty Alleviation: Experience and Insights of the Communist Party of China centers on poverty alleviation, an important topic, and showcases the commitment of the Communist Party of China. It touches upon the topic in terms of the features of the day, main tasks and the development path in the new era. It’s highly relevant in our time and is a valuable reference.
Looking ahead, we see both signs of hope and heavy responsibilities. At present, most of the poor people in China are concentrated in deep poverty-stricken areas. These areas are the poorest of the poor and face the biggest challenges in alleviating poverty. The problems in the final stage of poverty eradication are more complicated, and the tasks more arduous. Thus, more efforts are needed. This book offers a full review of China’s efforts in poverty reduction. It discusses the achievements and problems, as well as positive experience and misunderstandings. Moreover, it summarizes the problems that have occurred during China’s poverty eradication campaign, and analyzes reasons behind these problems and phenomena. It then lays out the “five experiences” and “four misunderstandings” in this regard with a view to offering solutions to address the root causes. It is therefore a very useful book for countries and regions committed to ending poverty. Eliminating poverty is a common mission of mankind. China aims to win the battle against poverty and build a moderately prosperous society in all respects — an aspiration of the Chinese nation for thousands of years and a mission of the Communist Party of China. In order to promote world peace and development and strengthen global governance, China made its own proposal of joining hands to eradicate poverty and building a global community with a shared future. Over the years, while working to eliminate poverty at home, China has been actively helping other developing nations, especially the least developed countries, to eradicate poverty. At present, poverty reduction in the world remains an arduous task. In line with the needs of the world anti-poverty cause, this book gives a full account of China’s practices in poverty reduction, and makes Chinese experience and wisdom available to other countries. It is yet another positive contribution China has made to the rest of world.
I admire the mission and content of Poverty Alleviation: Experience and Insights of the Communist Party of China. I have written these words from the bottom of my heart as a preface to the book.
